Abstract
Introduction: Adolescent pregnancy in Argentina remains a significant health, educational, and social challenge, despite the sustained decline in fertility rates over recent years. Adolescent mothers face higher obstetric and neonatal risks, as well as increased school dropout rates and reduced employment opportunities, particularly in vulnerable socio-economic contexts. Methods: A narrative, descriptive, and analytical literature review was conducted using official and academic sources published between 2015 and 2025. Reports from the Ministry of Health, RENAPER, UNFPA, UNICEF, and WHO were examined, along with scientific articles addressing adolescent fertility, sexual education, social inequalities, and maternal–infant outcomes in Argentina and Latin America. Results: The evidence shows an approximate 50% reduction in adolescent fertility between 2017 and 2023, mainly associated with the implementation of the ENIA Plan and the Comprehensive Sexual Education Law. However, significant regional and socioeconomic disparities persist: the NEA and NOA regions record the highest rates, and nine out of ten adolescent mothers belong to the lowest-income households. Children of adolescent mothers are at higher risk of prematurity, low birth weight, and neonatal hospitalization. Early pregnancy also remains a leading cause of school dropout among young women. Conclusion: Although Argentina has achieved important progress in reducing adolescent pregnancy, it continues to reflect deep social and territorial inequities. Strengthening intersectoral policies that integrate health, education, and community support is essential to ensure equitable access to information and sexual and reproductive health services.
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Copyright (c) 2025 Isabela Nayandra Filimberti, Jose Postorivo Nauman (Author)